Difference between revisions of "Redentran Musescorian"
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===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
| − | A Redentran Musescorian syllable includes a syllable nucleus consisting of a vowel sound or a vocalic consonant sound (one of l̩, ɬ̩, m̩, n̩, r̩, or r̥̍). Syllable onset and coda (start and end) are optional. A syllable can start with up to four consonant sounds, as in ''ẋbrjotna'' /ˈʒbrjot.na/, and can end with up to two, as in ''vilndra'' /ˈβiln.dra/. This gives Redentran Musescorian syllables the structure (CCCC)V(CC), where C represents a consonant and V a vowel or vocalic consonant. The consonants which may appear together in onsets or codas are restricted, as is the order in which they may appear. Onsets can only have | + | A Redentran Musescorian syllable includes a syllable nucleus consisting of a vowel sound or a vocalic consonant sound (one of l̩, ɬ̩, m̩, n̩, r̩, or r̥̍). Syllable onset and coda (start and end) are optional. A syllable can start with up to four consonant sounds, as in ''ẋbrjotna'' /ˈʒbrjot.na/, and can end with up to two, as in ''vilndra'' /ˈβiln.dra/. This gives Redentran Musescorian syllables the structure (CCCC)V(CC), where C represents a consonant and V a vowel or vocalic consonant. The consonants which may appear together in onsets or codas are restricted, as is the order in which they may appear. Onsets can only have eight different types of clusters: a stop and approximant; a fricative and an approximant; a fricative and a stop; a fricative, a stop, and an approximant; a stop, ''l'' or ''r'', and ''j'' or ''w''; a fricative, ''l'' or ''r'', and ''j'' or ''w''; a fricative, a stop, ''l'' or ''r'', and ''j'' or ''w''; or a nasal and an approximant. |
==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||
Revision as of 20:20, 15 August 2015
| This page is a work in progress by its author(s) and should not be considered final. |
{{Infobox language |name=Redentran Musescorian |nativename=Redentroða |state= Redentro |pronunciation=ɾɛ'dɛn.tr̥o.ða |acceptance=widely accepted |ethnicity=Redentran |speakers= |familycolor=other |family=Rayunjin |ancestor=Gershingklitho |ancestor2=Zdelmyor |ancestor3=Mityazyanda |dia1=Rayunjin |dia2=Zualan |script=Latin |sign=Redentran Signed Language |nation= Redentro |iso1=rm |map=rayunjilangs.png |mapcaption=Redentran Musescorian (shown in red) where spoken in the Lands of Musescorrun. |NOTE: This template is not properly closed because of the current Script Error issue, which breaks it. This issue prevents me from editing this article while this template is included in it. If this issue has been fixed, feel free to remove this note and properly close the template. Redentro (talk) 21:48, 13 August 2015 (EDT)
Redentran Musescorian (Redentroða) is a mixed language with a grammar similar to that of Mityazyanda and a vocabulary similar to that of Musescorian. It is spoken in much of Redentro, where it formed through a relexification of Mityazyanda.
Contents
History
The language, initially considered a dialect of Musescorian, formed in the former Nation of Mityazyanda Peoples on the southern section of Blue Island in the present-day Redentran district of Thermapole and Mityazyanda. Use of Redentran Musescorian spread throughout Blue Island, and in 1708 it was declared the official dialect of The Realm of Thermapole. Because of Thermapole's persistent role as a mediator in disputes between the Redentran City-States, the dialect quickly spread through the city-states of Redentro, Penzer, and Wirthal. By 1874, the dialect was official in all three nations.
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ||||||||||
| Stop | p | b | t | d | k | ɡ | ||||||
| Affricate | t͡ʃ | d͡ʒ | ||||||||||
| Fricative | ɸ | β | θ | ð | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | x | ʁ | ||
| Approximant | ɬ | l | j | w | ||||||||
| Tap | ɾ | |||||||||||
| Trill | r̥ | r | ||||||||||
| Co-articulated | rʶ | Voiced uvular fricative with alveolar trill | ||||||||||
| r̥ʶ | Voiceless uvular fricative with alveolar trill | |||||||||||
R, and L, and the apostrophe
The letters ⟨r⟩, ⟨l⟩, and ⟨'⟩ in Redentran Musescorian can make different sounds depending on what other consonants, if any, are present near them. The letter ⟨r⟩, which represents the phoneme /r/, makes the sound [ɾ] when not adjacent to any other consonants. When grouped with voiced consonants, it sounds as [r], and when grouped with unvoiced consonants, it sounds as [r̥]. The letter ⟨l⟩ sounds as [l] when not adjacent to any other consonants, and when grouped with voiced consonants, and sounds as [ɬ] when grouped with unvoiced consonants. The symbol ⟨'⟩ is pronounced as [x] when not adjacent to any other consonants and with unvoiced consonants, and as [ʁ] when with voiced consonants. Very rarely in Redentran Musescorian, the combination ⟨r'⟩ can occur. This combination uniquely has the strange property that the pronunciation of the uvular fricative begins before the end of the alveolar trill, leading to both being pronounced at the same time. This is often written as [rʶ] for the voiced variant and [r̥ʶ] for the unvoiced variant when recording pronunciation. These sounds are often taught using the following tongue-twister, as it contains all nine of these sounds:
| 'Hdyn eb'avi enhlini aprhmi. Mi ebhva apr'Hdyn þar. Kur'Hdyn neb'avi 'hlen. Klmarðaþ nebhva klamiċ. Kur'Hdyn mi nebhva þar, apr'Hdyn neb'avi. |
ˈxe.dn̩ ɛb.ʁaˈβi ɛ.ne.liˈni ap.r̥eˈmi |
Vowels
PhonotacticsA Redentran Musescorian syllable includes a syllable nucleus consisting of a vowel sound or a vocalic consonant sound (one of l̩, ɬ̩, m̩, n̩, r̩, or r̥̍). Syllable onset and coda (start and end) are optional. A syllable can start with up to four consonant sounds, as in ẋbrjotna /ˈʒbrjot.na/, and can end with up to two, as in vilndra /ˈβiln.dra/. This gives Redentran Musescorian syllables the structure (CCCC)V(CC), where C represents a consonant and V a vowel or vocalic consonant. The consonants which may appear together in onsets or codas are restricted, as is the order in which they may appear. Onsets can only have eight different types of clusters: a stop and approximant; a fricative and an approximant; a fricative and a stop; a fricative, a stop, and an approximant; a stop, l or r, and j or w; a fricative, l or r, and j or w; a fricative, a stop, l or r, and j or w; or a nasal and an approximant. GrammarThe grammar of Redentran Musescorian is very similar to that of colloquial Mityazyanda, with several of Mityazyanda's quirks, including the lack of any articles. One of Mityazyanda's quirks is notably missing from Redentran Musescorian; the language does not use Mityazyanda's case system, instead using a prefix (ke-) to denote possession and relation, and a separate word (luy) to denote conjunction. Redentran Musescorian does not use formal Mityazyanda's sentence structure system, instead using the simplified system of word placement used by colloquial Mityazyanda. The language distinguishes five major word classes: verbs, nouns, adjuncts (adverbs and adjectives), conjunctions, and pronouns. These five word classes are exemplified in the following sentence:
Nouns and Noun PhrasesRedentran Musescorian nouns are only inflected for number, but can also take one or more prepositional prefixes denoting them as either secondary nouns or indirect objects. They are semantically divided into proper nouns (names) and common nouns, and grammatically divided into countable and uncountable nouns. Countable nouns are inflected for number, while uncountable nouns are always used in the plural inflection. Generally, nouns are inflected for plural number through the use of the plural suffix "-(h)þ", but nouns ending in "i" use the alternative suffix "-ð", and some nouns have irregular plural forms. Regular Plural formation:
Irregular plural formation:
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