Anikatia

The Republic of Anikatia
The Republic of Anikatia
	Motto: "Unity, Peace and Freedom"
	Anthem: "Liberation and Freedom"
	The Republic of Anikatia (green).
	Location of the Republic of Anikatia in Pardes.
Capital; and largest city	Antiytia
National language	English
Demonym	Anikatian
Government	Federal semi-presidential parliamentary republic
Area
Population
GDP (PPP)	2011 estimate
Gini (2011)	29.86; low
HDI (2011)	0.885; very high
Currency	Anikuro (ANKO) (₳)
Time zone	GMT+10
Date format	dd.mm.yy
Drives on the	left
Calling code	+38
ISO 3166 code	ANK
Internet TLD	.ank

Anikatia, officially the Republic of Anikatia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Anikatian continent, the islands of Eritya, Stveni, along with numerous smaller islands within in the Pardes region. Neighbouring countries include Livirica, Ulthrannia to the north east; the island territories of New Belhavia, Tippercommons and Rodarion to the east. It has a population of around 130 million inhabitants and its capital city is Antiytia. The indigenous A'kyti had been living in Anikatia for at least a millennium before the Kingdom of Belfras conquered the territory in A'Kytian War of 1689. Belfras settlers and missions introduced Christianity and Belfrasian culture to Anikatia. Anikatia was on the periphery of Belfras's colonial empire, with few urban centers and a sparse population. Following independence from Belfras in 1951, Anikatia was ruled by a series of governments that implemented communist and protectionist policies. This development was truncated by periods of economic instability, in which the country fell into harsh recessions.

Today Anikatia is one of Pardes's most stable and prosperous nations, With its high human development, income per capita, economic freedom, and low perception of corruption. It also ranks high regionally in sustainability of the state, and democratic development. Anikatia ranks highly in many international comparisons of national performance, such as quality of life, health, education, economic freedom, and the protection of civil liberties and political rights. Anikatia is a member of the World Assembly, and Organization for Pardesi Affairs within the Pardes region. Geographically, its large size gives it a wide variety of landscapes, with subtropical rainforests in the north-east, large mountain ranges spanning the island from north to south, and dry desert in the south eastern side of the island. Although most of Anikatia is consists of temperate climate, it includes a diverse range of habitats from dry desserts to tropical rainforests, and is recognised as a megadiverse country.

Etymology

The name Anikatia is thought to be a corruption original A'kyti native populations name for their kingdom. The A'kyti dialects spoken in the southern port village area first visited by Belfrasian traders and missionaries.

History

Beginnings

Human habitation of the Anikatia is estimated to have begun between 35,000 and 38,000 years ago, possibly with the migration of people by short sea-crossings from neighbouring islands. These first inhabitants may have been ancestors of modern Indigenous A'kytians. At the time of Belfrasian settlement in the late 17th century, The A'kytian civilization emerged at least three millennia ago in the lowland area of the main islands. Many aspects of this culture persist in the area despite nearly 200 years of Belfrasian domination. Prior to the A'kytian kingdom, some hunting and foraging bands settled in small farming villages.

A'kytian Kingdom

The A'kytia civilization spread itself over what is now Anikatia beginning in around 800 CE, and flourished there until colonization. The A'kytian kingdom while originally until recently was regarded as a single unified civilization covering the whole island. However, this notion has been challenged by recent discoveries. Archaeological evidence suggests that several regional kingdoms existed, with A'kytian kingdom exerting the furthest influence covering most of the north eastern side of the mainland. The ruins recovered in the northern eastern islands indicates two smaller kingdoms. It is now believe further smaller islands to the northwest maintained a smaller independent tribes with their own languages, cultures and customs. A'kytian kingdom controlled at its height controlled largest extend of island with territory covering almost half the eastern side of the mainland, and is represented by countless sites throughout Anikatia.

Colonisation

In 1668 Isaac Unaipon while exploring for the Belfrasian empire sailed near the region and sighting and mapped some of the eastern coast, he named it New Hartyk and claimed the area for Belfras. Believing the area to be uninhabited Belfrasian vessels returned with the intend to settle a colony. The A'Kytian resistance was fierce, resulting in what is now called the A'kytain War of 1689. The conflict only lasted a few months but Belfrasian force although unprepared for a full scale conflict prevail with superior technology and the new infectious diseases, endemic to Belfrasian, caused high fatalities among the A'kytian population. The kingdom was swiftly defeated and Belfrasian settlers quickly setup the colony with the first settlement leading to the foundation of Delnaytn, the establishment of farming, industry and commerce; and the exploration and settlement of other regions.

The indigenous population, estimated to have been between 850,000 and 3,250,000 at the time Belfrasian settlement began, declined for 200 years following settlement, mainly due to infectious disease. A government policy of assimilation beginning with the Protection of Indigenous People's Act 1792 resulted in the removal of many A'kytian children from their families and communities a practice which may also have contributed to the decline in the indigenous population. As a colony, Anikatia began to attract Belfrasian investors. Among the Belfrasian firms that dominated the colony in the late 19th century was the Timayev Basket Weave and Produce Company, which eventually acquired third of all the privately held land in the colony. Timayev Basket-weave and Produce Company's influence accounts in part for the colony's reliance on the basket weaving trade throughout the rest of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century.

The Great Depression of the 1930s caused a near-collapse of the colonial economy as Belfrasian demand for basket-weaving plummeted. The effects of widespread unemployment were worsened by a devastating flood that struck the colony in 1932. Perceptions of the government's relief effort as inadequate were aggravated by its refusal to legalize labour unions or introduce a minimum wage. Economic conditions improved during 1940s when many Belfrasian military industries moved to the island for it's low taxes and protection. In particular many Belfrasian aviation companies moved because of the clear weather that allowed for more testing of aircraft than in Belfras. This benefited the local colonial armed forces. The colony's economy suffered again because of poor management by Belfrasian colonial government officials and led to the formation of the Communist People's Party of Malton in 1947, which demanded independence.

Independence

In June 1948, Belfrasian accepted proposals for democratic self-government in Anikatia. The seat of government established the largest city Antiytia in 1949. The 1950 constitution led to the first general elections and to independence on 1 May 1951. Kavf Byzaevsno, a leader in the independence movement, was elected as the first president, re-elected twice. Anikatia enjoyed a successful post colonial boom with major Belfrasian industries such Wallis Thornton Aeronautical Manufacturing, Brault and Telford Productions Ltd. Because of this large manufacturing base left by the Belfrasian colonisation many automotive companies were created, with the major one being the government supported Anikatia Auto Union. These businesses grew until the 1970s when the oil crisis hit the country and manufacturing and basket weaving exports fell dramatically and the economy fell into recession. The widespread unemployment hit basket-weaving industries the hard and led to the rise of the Communist Party of Malton to power in the mid 1980s which initially lead a swift economic recovery until the late 1990s. The centrally planned economy began to breakdown and in 2002 a small coalition were brought into power who have managed to bring the country out of economy recession and as of 2009.

Government and politics

Main article: Government of Anikatia

Anikatia is a republic under a mixed semi-parliamentary semi-presidential system with separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The President is elected by popular vote and is the formal head of state. The parliament, is primarily responsible for the formation of the executive branch, the Cabinet of Ministers, which is headed by the Prime Minister.

Laws, acts of the parliament and the cabinet, presidential decrees, may be abrogated by the Constitutional Court of Anikatia, should they be found to violate the Constitution of Anikatia. Other normative acts are subject to judicial review. The Supreme Court of Anikatia is the main body in the system of courts of general jurisdiction.

Anikatia has a large number of political parties, many of which have tiny memberships and are unknown to the general public. Leading political parties include Anikatia United (AUP), the Liberal Party of Anikatia (LPA), the Party of Socialist Unity (PSU) and the United New Democratic Party (UNDP). However despite the failure and collapse of the Communist Party of Malton's government in the year 2002 Its successor the Party of Socialist Unity has remained one of the most popular parties. Since the collapse of communist government, parties have found it difficult to gain a pure majority and most of the time the government is run by a small fragile coalition. But following the last election on 09 May 2010 the current President was able to form a minority government with the support of the Liberal Party of Anikatia.

The President

The President, head of state, is elected by popular vote for a five-year term and is the formal head of state, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. In the most recent election, Niklas Bykov of the Anikatia United narrowly defeated Manok Uylenko, who was running for the Liberal Party of Anikatia with support of the Party of Socialist Unity. Bykov is taking over from the former President Cortes Baczewski of the United New Democratic Party.

The Prime Minister

The Prime Minister of the Republic of Anikatia is appointed by the President with the parliament's approval. The Prime Minister of Anikatia is not required to be a member of the National Assembly. The Prime Minister assists the President by supervising ministries, and make recommendations for ministers. The Prime Minister is the first in the order of succession to discharge the duties of the office of the President as the acting-president should the president be unable to discharge his office. The position was created on 17 April 1951, two weeks before the government of Anikatia was officially founded, and was held by Henrik Antunović until 1952. The Prime Minister becomes acting president if the president dies, resigns or is impeached. The incumbent Prime Minister is Gabriela Dostálová who is taking over from the former Prime Minister Tania Gualtieri

Foreign relations and military

Anikatia's armed forces - the Anikatian National Defense Forces (ANDF), consists of the Anikatian Ground Forces (AGF) , Anikatian Air Force (AAF), and Anikatian Navy Forces (ANF) and have the stated responsibility for the preservation of the integrity and national sovereignty of the national territory. The Anikatian Navy Forces includes the Anikatian Naval Aviation and Anikatian Marines.

Anikatia is an active member of the World Assembly in international affairs and the Organization for Pardesi Affairs for regional affairs. Anikatia maintains cordial diplomatic relations with most nations within the region. Despite colonial tension strong ties remain with Belfras. It has been working closely with Livirca in nearby regional issues. The Republic maintains a good active relations with United Republic of Emmeria, New Belhavia, Estovakia, Western Confederal States, Tippercommon, Itailia and distant but cordial relations with Irkutia, Eslovakia, Rodarion and Arthurista.

Administrative divisions

Anikatia has twelve states — New Hartyk, Uzikyevik, Eritya, North Kntiani, South Kntiani, Akyania, Peytia, Teknteytia, Stveni, Grokue, Qykov and New Anatia. Each state has its own bicameral parliament. The states are sovereign entities, although subject to certain powers of the Federal government as defined by the Constitution. The lower houses are known as the House of Assembly; the upper houses are known as the Legislative Assembly. The head of the government in each state is the Executive Minister of the State.

Geography

A map of the Anikatia's states and territories

Anikatia's landmass of 16,947,200 square kilometres (6,543,000 sq mi) surrounded by the Central ocean, with the North East Sea lying off the Eastern coast of Anikatia, and the South A'Kytian Sea lying between Anikatian and the surrounding southern continents. One of the region's smallest continents and among the larger countries by total area. Anikatia's mainland encompasses a ramarkable variety of landscapes, The northern eastern Shevtyk Desert contains great mineral wealth. The western side of island across the Utykia moutain range which runs the length of the island, which includes Antiytia, dominates the country in terms of population with large agricultural resources, the two smaller northern islands while less developed hold the bulk of the nations agricultural resources. This area also is the historical centre from which the A'kytian kingdom ruled, many ruins can still be found throughout. Southern Anikatia is rich in tropical forests and lakes, most of the smaller islands to the east have been designated national parks and contain untouched tropical rain forests. Anikatia's highest mountain is Albyecl, which lies in the Utykia moutain range, and rises to 3,387 metres above sea level. The population in Anikatia is mainly concentrated on the western side of the island along the coast, with smaller settlements on the eastern coast.

Climate

The climate of Anikatia is significantly influenced by ocean currents, which is correlated with periodic drought, and the seasonal tropical low-pressure system that produces cyclones in south east. These factors cause rainfall to vary markedly from year to year. Much of the southern part of the country has a tropical, predominantly summer-rainfall (monsoon) climate. The north east corner of the country has a Mediterranean climate. Much of the north west is temperate.

Economy

Anikatia has a mixed market economy with a high GDP which for the year 2011 was ₳32.63 trillion, which has been traditionally fueled by exporting commodities rather than manufacturing which dates back to the colonial exports of the basket weaving industry. Since the early settlement, the growth of Anikatia's manufacturing, mining, and service sector has transformed the nations from a largely rural economy to a urbanised industrial one. Today the major industrial sectors are the automobile manufacturing and arms manufacturing followed by book publishing, although uranium mining and basket weaving all remain important industries. However the country maintains a trade deficit of ₳54.47 billion. The public sector makes up 76% of the market. The 1970s oil crisis hit the countries exports and led to a economic collapse. Which led to Communist Party of Malton gaining power in 1980s which led to a drastic reforming of the economy. The changes saw the implementation of a more centrally planned economy which had decidedly mixed economic results. By the 1990s the centrally planned economy began to breakdown and in 2002 the Communist Party of Malton lost power. Through careful reforms of the economy and industry by successive government has led to rapid rise of the economy.

The major businesses in arms aeronautics manufacturing industries are Wallis Thornton Aeronautical Manufacturing , Brault and Telford Productions Ltd , Bulgakov Heavy Industries, Aymovski Aircraft Corporations, Applied Kinetics Industries, Rakovski Aeronautics Limited, Tsvyk Design Bureau, The Nykov Company, Rykovatia Weapon Systems, Pokstyloviev Design Bureau, Gykevkia Aircraft Corporations, and Arsanukayev Manufacturing Company. The major automotive businesses and general manufacturing industries are Tagirbekov General Industrie, Anikatian Auto Union (AAU), Nova Motors Manufacturing Holdings Ltd, Glydestko Engineering Group(GE), Derring Hertron & Boish Corporation(DHB)and Grgur, Barnett & Fiedler Automotive Works(GBF).

Energy

Anikatia is rich in energy resources. The establishment of a mining industry continued the high level of economic growth in the post-colonial period. The opportunities for large profits in land and mining attracted considerable amounts of Belfrasian capital, while expansion generally was supported by enormous government outlays for transport, communication and urban infrastructures, which also depended heavily on Belfrasian finance. As the economy expanded, large-scale immigration became necessary to satisfy the growing demand for workers. Anikatia's mining operations secured continued economic growth and New Anatia itself has benefited strongly from mining iron-ore, gold and later uranium. Anikatia contains some of the region's largest proven uranium reserves, this greatly aided the development of Nuclear power in the country which now derives 85% of its electricity from nuclear power, one of the highest percentage in the region.

Science and technology

Anikatia places great emphasis on science and technology within its economy and it is a leading nation in scientific research, particularly technology, and machinery. However, the period of central planned economy led to Anikatia lagging behind the West in a number of technologies, mostly those related to energy conservation and consumer goods production. The crisis of the 2000s led to the drastic reforms. By 2009s, on the wave of a new economic boom, the situation in the Anikatia science and technology has greatly improved, and the government launched a campaign aimed into modernisation and innovation. Currently Anikatia has completed several advanced satellites. The country is developing its a number of domestic fifth-generation jet fighters and constructing the highly advanced new nuclear plant systems.

Transport

Transport is a key component of the nation's economy. The economic centralization of the late 1970s and 1980s accelerated the development of infrastructure on a massive scale, most notably the establishment of Anikatian Airlines (AAL). The country has a wide variety of modes of transport by land, water and air. Anikatia's road spending has been extensive. Its 1.1 million kilometers of paved road are the main means of transportation. A single network of high-speed, divided, limited-access toll roads connects major cities and is operated by toll-collecting enterprises. New and used cars are inexpensive; car ownership fees and fuel levies are used to promote energy efficiency. Anikatia has one of the highest level of car ownership in the region.

Railway transport in Anikatia is mostly under the control of the state-run Anikatian Railways (ANIR). Passenger trains were the dominant mode of transportation until the mid-twentieth century. Anikatia now has one of the world's most developed transportation networks. Mass transportation is well developed in the major cities but is undeveloped in rural areas.Anikatia has advanced air transportation infrastructure which utilizes approximately 7,000 paved runways. Antiytia International Airport, located in the vicinity of Antiytia, is the largest and busiest airport in the country, handling the vast majority of popular and commercial traffic and connecting Antiytia with virtually all major cities across the region. Anikatian Airlines (AAL) is the national carrier airline, although numerous private airline companies provide domestic and international travel services.

Water transport is largely used for freight. There are over 21 major ports in Anikatia, many of these ports are served by cruise ships. Automobile ferries operate in many locations where bridges are impractical and in congested metropolitan areas, Ferries also connect Eritya Islands to the mainland, and Stveni Islands to the Kntiani Islands and the mainland. They also connect other smaller islands and the main islands.

Demographics

For almost two centuries the majority of settlers, and later immigrants, came from Belfrasian territory. As a result the people of Anikatia are primarily of Belfrasian ethnic origin. The 2011 Census asked respondents to provide a maximum of two ancestries with which they most closely identify. The most commonly nominated ancestry was Anikatian (68.3%), followed by Belfrasian (34.1%), Estovakivan (0.7%), Eslovakian (0.7%), Emmerian (0.6%), Livirichi (0.3%), Belhavian (0.04%), Urek (0.03%), and Rodarian (0.03%).

Anikatia's population has quadrupled since the end of colonisation. Nevertheless, its population density, 7.936 inhabitants per square kilometre, remains among the lowest in the region. Much of the population increase came from immigration. Anikatia remains a major destination for immigrants, accepting about 500,000 legal immigrants annually. Most immigrants are skilled, but the immigration quota includes categories for family members and refugees.

Language

Although Anikatia has no official language, English has always been entrenched as the de facto national language. According to the 2011 census, English is the only language spoken in the home for close to 98.01% of the population. The next most common languages spoken at home are Eslovakian (0.7%), Italian (0.5%), Irkut (0.5%), and A'kytians languages (0.3%), a considerable proportion of first- and second-generation migrants are bilingual. Around 22 Indigenous A'kytians languages are thought to have existed at the time of first contact, of which only about 5 have survived. Many of these are exclusively spoken by older people; only 3 A'kytians languages are still spoken by all age groups. At the time of the 2011 census, 390,548 Indigenous A'kytians, reported that they spoke an A'kytians language at home.

Religion

Anikatia is a secular country, and freedom of religion is a constitutional right. Anikatia maintains a religious policy that is based on the concept of a strict separation of church and state under which public life is kept completely secular. In the 2011 census, 41.1% of Anikatians were counted as Christian, including 25.3% as Roman Catholic and 17.1% as Orthodox; 22.3% of the population reported having "no religion"; 7.2% identify with non-Christian religions, the largest of these being Islam (4.7%), and Judaism (1.8%). The remaining 9.4% of the population did not provide an adequate answer.

Health

The Anikatian Constitution guarantees free, universal health care for all its citizens. As of 2011, the average life expectancy in Anikatia was one of the highest in region with 82.77 years for males and 83.67 years for females. The Anikatian healthcare system is one of the best performing system in the region in terms of availability and organization of health care providers. It is a universal health care system. It features a mix of public and private services, relatively low expenditure, high patient success rates and low mortality rates,and high consumer satisfaction.

Culture

Since 1689, the basis of Anikatian culture has been strongly influenced by Belfrasian Western culture. Distinctive cultural features have also arisen from Anikatia's natural environment and Indigenous traditional cultures. Since the mid-20th century, Emmerian popular culture has strongly influenced Anikatia, particularly through television and cinema. Other cultural influences come from neighbouring countries, and through large-scale immigration from non-English-speaking nations. The cultural development is divided into three distinct periods: prebelfrasian, colonial, and republican. Important archaeological ruins, gold and silver ornaments, stone monuments, ceramics, and weavings remain from several important pre-Belfrasian cultures. Major ruins throughout the western areas of the nation. The country abounds in other sites that are difficult to reach and have seen little archaeological exploration.

Currency

The currency of Anikatia is the Anikuro (ANKO, symbol: ₳), which is subdivided into 100 Aniyks (symbol: æ). Coins in circulation are 1æ, 5æ, 10æ, 20æ, 50æ, ₳1, ₳2 Aniyk. The 1æ and 2æ coins are due for replacement by new ₳1, ₳2 banknotes. Banknotes in circulation are ₳5, ₳10, ₳20, ₳50, ₳100, ₳500 Anikuro. These were among the first polymer banknotes introduced in the world.