M.V.S.N. (Kingdom of Italy)
| Milizia Volontaria per la Sicurezza Nazionale | |
| |
| The MVSN emblem | |
| Active | 1923 - Present |
| Country | Italian Social Republic |
| Branch | Party armed wing |
| Size | 721,160 |
| Part of | PNF |
| Headquarters | Palazzo della Milizia, Roma, Italy |
| March | Giovinezza |
| Colors | Black, Silver |
The Milizia Volontaria per la Sicurezza Nazionale, or MVSN (Voluntary Militia for National Security) are the PNF armed and security wing in Italy. The main role entrusted to the MVSN is to ensure national security and protection for the top Regime personnel against internal opposition and to serve as a counterbalance against coup attempts by the regular Army.
The Militia has delicate political tasks, military educational, and strictly military. It helps to maintain public order and to ensure the proper functioning of essential state services (in support to the Public Security), cares of the pre-military education, and oversees State borders with special border units.
Contents
Broad organization
The organization of the militia consists of a General Command, which is the higher-level "Militia Regions", composed of provincial Legions, which are the basic units: there are 110 metropolitan Legions and a War Veteran Legion, based in Rome and with a War Veteran Unit for each Legion, established in the provincial capital.
Each Legion consists of three Cohorts, in their turn formed by three handpieces, which consist of two Centurie each. Each Centuria is made up of ten Squads.
The Legionaries, and especially the officers, they are divided into three categories:
- Permanent Service;
- Cadres (usually not in service, but can be recalled);
- Reserve.
The system provides the chance for officers to pass upon demand from the Armed Forces in the Militia or vice versa. The General Command provides for the appointment of officers.
The services performed by the Legionaries to the rank of Caposquadra is not of a continuing nature (with the exception of some Permanent Duty Legionnaires), but is based on the periodic visits, especially for rotation to the territorial garrisons and detachments, but also in view of particular events or reasons for training missions. The general mobilization is the sole responsibility of the Duce. Enrollment is possible only if enrolled in the National Fascist Party.
Legionaries in permanent service are still divided as follows:
- Actual permanent service: providing non-stop service to the Commands and are paid on a monthly basis with fixed remuneration;
- Cadres who have a Command: despite being in service, they do not receive compensation fixed, except in cases of service outside of their residence.
Recruitment centers of the Militia are the Legion Commands, which judge the applications and have a special Personnel Bureau.
Commandant General
The Commandant General of the Militia is the commander in chief of the Militia and is appointed by the Duce of Fascism. The Commandant General of the Militia is an officer from the Militia, he was appointed by the Duce of Fascism, after consulting the Chief of Defence Staff.
As part of the Militia, the Commanding General has higher-level hierarchical rank in respect of all the officers. In case of absence, impediment or vacancy of office, he shall be replaced by the designated general officer.
Central Commission
The Central Commission of the MVSN is the body tasked with assisting the Commandant General of the MVSN. It consists of the four highest ranking officers: the Chief of Staff of the MVSN, the Secretary General of the OVRA, the Commandant General of the National Republican Guard and the Director General of the Central Security Office.
Militia Press Office
The MVSN has a Press and Propaganda Central Office at the General HQs. It is subdivided into four sections:
- Internal and Foreign Press Office (Ufficio stampa interna ed estera);
- Propaganda Office (Ufficio propaganda);
- Historical Office (Ufficio storico);
- Radio-TV Broadcasting Office (Ufficio Audiovisivo).
The Press Office is responsible for the regular publication of the fortnightly "Foglio d'Ordini", which works as official newspaper about the activities of the militia and the regular weekly "Milizia Fascista". The Legion Libraries are under the direct control of the Office.
Specialties
MVSN Specialties provide specialized services within the broad scope of the whole MVSN:
- Border Militia (Milizia Confinaria) - alongside Public Security
- Medical Militia (Milizia ruolo medico)
- Militia Military Chaplains (Assistenza spirituale della Milizia)
- Railway Militia (Milizia Ferroviaria)
- Forest Militia (Milizia Forestale)
- Air and Sea Militia (Milizia Portuaria and Milizia dell'Aria)- Coast Guard alongside Navy and airport police
- Highway Militia (Milizia della Strada) - alongside Public Security.
