Caltharus

The Constitutional Monarchy of Caltharus
Motto: Honour, Loyalty and Knowledge.
Anthem: ["March of the Caltharusian People."]
Caltharus and its dependencies in dark green, other Empire territories in light green.
Regional Map showing Caltharus.
Capital and largest city		Aeternum
Official languages		(By first language) Calth 71.3% Amos Noc 19.6% Accerus 5.2% (Accerus is the second most spoken language in Caltharus, even though its native for only 5,2%) Staynish (Simplified) 3.9%
Ethnic groups (2015)		Human 99.6% Vulpine 0.4%
Demonym		Caltharusian, Calthian
Government		Kingdom
-	High-King	Lambertus VII Constantine
-	Lord Governor	Fredrik Constantine
-	Speaker of the House	Finnur Urquhart
Population
-	2016 estimate	128,574,000
GDP (nominal)		2017 estimate
-	Total	C♅5,104,336,674,928
-	Per capita	C♅39,699.60
Gini (2015)		29.6 low
HDI ((n/a))		0.8 high
Currency		Kirib (♅)
Date format		DD/MM/YYYY
ISO 3166 code		CAL
Internet TLD		.cal

The Constitutional Monarchy of Caltharus or Caltharus for short, is a large nation ruled by the same Monarch as Staynes. Together these two nations form the Staynish-Caltharus Empire. However despite this, Caltharus is represented in international politics by it's Lord Governor, who is appointed by the Monarch. Caltharus shares borders with Staynes to the west, Ethalria and Kostromastan to the south, Baykalia to the west and Tivot to the North.

As of 2016, Caltharus has estimated population of 128,574,000 people, from which about 22,341,000 live in the southern horn of the nation, known as Nocturne.

Origins

Together with Staynes, Caltharus is one of the oldest nations in Aurora. Caltharus originates from a City State Calth, which managed to first conquer all the other city states of Calthian Peninsula, and then conquered the surrounding areas. After centuries of monarchy a successful revolution drove the ruling dynasty out of the country, with only few surviving members. After this the nation was established as a Republic, which at the time was one of the first of it's kind. During this time, the City State Calth was renamed to Caltharus, as which it is known today. However after a century of democracy, the old ruling dynasty, the Constantine dynasty, returned to the country after being integrated to the Morstaybishlian Monarchy through marriage. A short but bloody civil war ensued, resulting in the King of the Morstaybishlia, King Lambertus III Constantine, being crowned as the King of Caltharus. However, Lambertus III kept some parts of the democratic system, making Caltharus a Constitutional Monarchy and thus making sure that infighting stopped in Caltharus.

Arcturian colonies and new age of city states

After Calth had conquered the Calthian peninsula, some of the noble families of now fallen city-states started feeling them selves extremely threatened. This thread was caused by the newly established Constantine dynasty, which actively seeked to make Calth more centralized nation. This uncertainty among the old nobles resulted in large movement being created, with colonization as its goal. The old nobles believed that if they could escape from the mainland Calth, they could start their own city states and thus return to the status quo. After 24 years of Constantine rule, this movement finally succeeded in preparing a fleet for colonization. These ships left Calth in the year 974. Their departure was followed by decades of silence, and it was generally believed, that these ships were either lost in a storm, or turned in to traitorous pirates. However, in 1001 a ship landed in Aeternum (back then known as Calth) that claimed it had came from a distant continent known as Arcturia. This ship told king the tale of the colonization fleet, how it had sailed for far longer distance even thought possible. AT first the king was overjoyed that the colony project had succeeded, but soon he was told by the sailors that the few established colonies had renounced their loyalty to Calth and started forming new city states. Even though the King was outraged by this, he soon realized that there was nothing he could do. For the time being, the colonies were too far away, so he grudginly acknowledged these colonies as independent and started trading with them.

In 1164 the Calthian situation finally allowed them to start preparing for conquest of these colonies, that had now grown in to full-fledged city-states. Calthians send their most capable and most loyal commander, in lead of a greatest invasion force that Calth had ever seen, towards these colonies. The commander, known as Colonarius, had sworn to conquer all of the city-states. After a year of sailing, the invasion force arrived at Arcturia. They fortune was on their side, and they landed only few kilometers away from the city of Alaias. Colonarius decided to act first and as hi first move, he advanced on the city, and took it by surprise. After only three days of fighting, the city and its occupants surrendered. To the citizens Colonarius promised that they would be spared, and even rewarded, if they would join Calth and fight alongside him. They city quickly accepted the offer, and so Colonarius had made sure that his forces couldn't be driven to the sea, or exhausted to death. Despite this early victory, in 1166 the remaining 11 city states formed an alliance to counter the invasion. Colonarius responded to this by striking first, and forcing his enemies to react to his actions, rather than trying to defend against their overwhelming numbers. In the war that ensued, War of twelve cities Colonarius had two advantages. Most of his army was well trained and far more disclipined. The war raged on for five years, with Colonarius doing increasingly daring attacks against his enemies. The war finally ended in it's sixth year, after a large, decisive battle, that quickly become known as the miracle of Colonarius.

In this battle Colonarius managed to crush the opposing army decisively, after killing kings of the three leading city-states. After this battle the cities quickly fell in line, and Colonarius become one of the most celebrated military commanders of Calth.

Political system

Caltharus uses a complicated political system, in which power is split into three. The King has the final say in all matters but he still has to take the other two into account. As the King usually resides in the capital of the Staynish-Caltharus Empire, Sani Bursil, the second highest role is played by a Lord Governor, who is picked from the members of the aristocracy by the King himself. The King together with the Lord Governor have absolute power in interior policy of the nation. In inner politics, Caltharus is split to 13 provinces, each ruled by a aristocratic house, together with democratically chosen parties. In each province the power is split between these two differently. In some provinces, like Accerus, the ruling house is weak and that has led to political parties having more power, where as in some provinces, like Marenus, the ruling house is strong thus taking most of the power to itself and away from the parties. Legislative power is wielded by the parliament, whose members are chosen from the political parties in elections every 4 years. However the King and his representative may "guide" parliament to the direction it wants, but interventions like that are rare. Leader of the parliament, which is the Speaker of the House, is usually thought to be the third most powerful man in the nation.

Currently there are three major political parties, that act in every province. The largest of these is the Caltharusian Workers party (33,2%), the second largest is Caltharusian Nationalist party(24,5%) and as a close third, Democratic party of Caltharus (23,8%). The forth largest party is The Nocturnian Party (17,1%) but it has support only in the Nocturnian provinces of Caltharus, but there it is clearly the largest party. In the latest Auroran Parlaiment election (in January 2017) The Nocturnian Party won a surprise victory as it got 9 more seats, making it the second largest Caltharusian party in ACA parlaiment.

• 

  Emblem of the Caltharusian nationalist party

• 

  Emblem of the Caltharusian workers party

• 

  Emblem of the Democratic party of Caltharus

• 

  Emblem of the Nocturnian Party

• 

  Table showing the distribution of Caltharusian ACA parlaiment seats

Imperial Caltharusian Military

While Imperial Caltharusian military has existed in some from ever since the days of Calth, it has been part of the Morstayblishian Military for a large portion of it's existence. The Caltharusian military is split in three branches:

• The Caltharusian Army
• The Caltharusian Navy
• The Caltharusian Airforce

However, sometimes the Jomsguard is listed as being their own branch of the Caltharusian military rather than as part of the Caltharusian Army. The Caltharusian military is based on compulsory military service, that lasts from 8 to 24 months. Upon joining the military, recruits are asked for preferences about place of service, length of service and about the desired branch of service. If a recruit absolutely refuses to use weapons, for extreme personal reason or religious reasons, they will be offered a chance to serve as a combat medic, without using any weapons. If the recruit still refuses, he will be sent to the workforce, in which he will stay for 10 months doing low pay jobs, like cleaning streets and so on. This workforce is also a branch, to which jobless people may join and by doing so gain a stable pay check each month. It should be noted that only males have military service as expectation, as only female volunteer are put to the military (and not the work force).

Caltharusian persons of interest

King Lambertus VII

Lord Governor Fredrik III Constantine

Grand Marshall of the Eastern armies Otto Von Hessius

Leader of Caltharusian Intelligence Bureau (CIB) Lucas Brom

Commander of the 1st fast response division Cassius Custodian

Speaker of the House Finnur Urquhart

CEO of the Ferrus industries, Jakob Irons