Nation/Roschfallen
| This page is a work in progress by its author(s) and should not be considered final. |
| Imperial State of Roschfallen Estado Imperial de Roschfallen
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| Motto: "Infinitum et Ultra" "To the Infinity and Beyond" |
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| Anthem: "Quod March Autem Leo" "The Lion March" |
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 Continental and insular territory of Roschfallen
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| Region | Brasil | ||||
| Capital | Angra Canadense | ||||
| Largest city | Triunphus | ||||
| Official languages | Portuguese | ||||
| Recognised national languages | English, french, danish and Kalaallisut | ||||
| Demonym | Roschfalleanian | ||||
| Government | Elective absolute monarchy Confederation |
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| - | Emperor | Ferdinand I | |||
| - | Great Counselor | Wagner de León | |||
| Legislature | Imperial Diet | ||||
| Independence from United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves | |||||
| - | Declared | 1 February 1816 | |||
| - | Recognized | 12 August 1821 | |||
| - | Current constitution | 31 April 1819 | |||
| - | Annexation of Greenland and Iceland | 14 July 1868 | |||
| Area | |||||
| - | Total | 2,674,073 km2 1,032,561 sq mi |
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| - | Water (%) | 93,5% | |||
| Population | |||||
| - | 2016 estimate | 1,635,472,556 | |||
| - | Density | 382/km2 989.4/sq mi |
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| GDP (PPP) | 2015 estimate | ||||
| - | Total | NS$ 161 trillion | |||
| - | Per capita | NS$ 68,021.00 | |||
| GDP (nominal) | 2016 estimate | ||||
| - | Total | NS$ 158 trillion | |||
| - | Per capita | NS$ 66,780.07 | |||
| Gini (2015) | 0.29 low |
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| HDI (2015) | 0.911 very high |
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| Currency | Goldmark (GMK) |
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| Time zone | UTC (UTC-3.5) | ||||
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy | ||||
| Drives on the | left | ||||
| Calling code | +264 | ||||
| ISO 3166 code | RF | ||||
| Internet TLD | .rf | ||||
| a. | The english, french and irish are spoken commonly in some parts of the country, near the borders with Canada. English is used as the second business language. www.roschfallen.com |
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The Imperial State Roschfallen (Portuguese: Estado Imperial de Roschfallen), commonly known as Roschfallen, is a developed, populous and safe nation located in North-America. It's an elective, absolute and confederate monarchy ruled by Emperor Ferdinand I with an iron fist, it has a all-consuming and growing economy, and enjoys civil rights. It is the third largest Portuguese-speaking country in the world, and the second only in Americas.
Bounded by Altantic Ocean on the east. It borded only by Canada. It's environmental includes a vast pine forest, home to a diverse wildlife, and extensive natural resources spanning numerous protected habitats, and also icy lands of the Kingdom of Greenland. This beautiful environment makes Roschfallen one of the main tourist destinations, and is the subject of significant global interest and environmental protection.
A long time ago, the land Roschfallen were called by the natives of 'Labrador'. During the colonial era, in the seventeenth century, the Portuguese came to Labrador and began its colonization. The portuguese colonizers fought against the british and french temptations of colonization winning the right over these lands. Later in the nineteenth century, soon after the Napoleonic Wars, the people fell abandoned by the portuguese court when they dediced to stay in Brazil and ignored all the issues of the north-american colony. With the ignoring of the portuguese court about Labrador, Lord Carvalho Roschfallen, a nobleman, starts a movement with an army to declare independence. They fought against few portuguese troops until won, in 1816. The new country was renamed in honor to it's liberator. Lord Roschfallen decided to implant the country a monarchical system, based on the Holy Roman Empire. Very monarchist, he turned the provinces into kingdoms and principalities whose rulers would be both eligible as, along with some other officials, voters, the monarch who would rule the nation. For this, he invited several leaders of many european royal houses to rule the 8 principalities and one kingdom that composed the imperial confederation, as he was the first monarch of Roschfallen. Years later, after leaving victorious from a war against Denmark, the country annexed their territories of Greenland and Iceland, turning them into two constituent kingdoms. Roschfallen participated along with Canada of the First World War and the Second World War.
The country's economy is powerhouse by nominal and GDP as of 2015. A member of Brasil Region since 2015, Roschfallen have one of the world's fastest growing major economies, with its economic reforms giving the country new international recognition and influence. The free market of Roschfallen plays an important role for the country's economic growth. Roschfallen is a founding member of Liberal League, an militar and economic international alliance that brings together nations with liberal policies, and OEA, an international organization that brings american nations. Roschfallen is a emerging power in his region.
Contents
Etimology
The name "Roschfallen" is the german surname of the liberator of the country, the portuguese-canadian nobleman Lord Carvalho Roschfallen. It's derived from the English term, something like "Rock Fallen". In 1816, after proclaim the independence of the Colony of Labrador from Portugal, the people starts to call the country as "Land of Roschfallen", and so, the Constituent Council named the country officialy as Roschfallen.
History
Pre-Colonial Era
According to studies, Roschfallen of the territory is inhabited for at least 10,000 years.
Around the time of the Portuguese arrival, the territory of current day Roschfallen had an estimated indigenous population of 5.000 people, mostly semi-nomadic who subsisted on hunting, fishing, gathering, and migrant agriculture.
Before the arrival of Europeans, the boundaries between these groups and their subgroups were marked by wars that arose from differences in culture, language and moral beliefs. These wars also involved large-scale military actions on land and water, with even some cannibalistic rituals. While heredity had some weight, leadership status was more subdued over time, than allocated in succession ceremonies and conventions. Slavery among the natives had a different meaning than it had for Europeans, since it originated from a diverse socio-economic organization, in which asymmetries were translated into kinship relations.
The native tribes practiced slavery of their captured enemies and contributed to the tribal slavery by Europeans. The native slavery was abolished in 1750 in the american colonies by the portuguese Marquiss of Pombal.
Portuguese Colonization
The land called Labrador was claimed by the Portuguese Colonial Empire on 2 october 1624 with the arrival of the Portuguese fleet commanded by Henriques de Silves. The Portuguese encountered native peoples divided into several tribes, most of whom spoke extinguished indigenous languages, and fought among themselves. Though the first settlement was founded in 1629, colonization was effectively begun in 1644.
King John IV of Portugal created a centralized government for the colony, as in other portuguese colonies, naming Maurício Borges as Governor General of the colony. Maurício began the enslavement of native peoples to quickly build fortifications in all borders of the colony,to prevent british or french colonizatio. During the eighteenth century, precious stones and metals have become the major export products, and nd slave labor had to be quickly replaced by salaried Europeans, or even native volunteers who received wages.
With the advent of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic war directly affecting the Portugal, the colony entered a complete anarchy, with weak governments, riots, and that would last until the independence. With the leakage and permanence of the Portuguese court in Brazil, Labrador colony was abandoned to their fate, ruled by weak autocrats, with established anarchy. The people became resentful and began to see the US example of what they should do: proclaim their independence and establish a democratic republic. But the inaction of the people prevailed, and Lord Carvalho Roschfallen took action. He gathered a group of men, armed them and trained for military action. In 1816 they invaded and took over the government palace, after facing the few Portuguese troops present in the capital. In the palace, Lord Roschfallen drafted and signed a document formally declaring independence from the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves. The Portuguese Governor-General was forced to sign a documment, subject as Portuguese authority, in name of Queen Mary I of Portugal and Brazil, recognizing the independence of the territory. However, official recognition of the independence of Roschfallen by Portugal came only after the return of Portuguese royalty to Lisbon in 1821, by King John VI of Portugal and Brazil.
Independent Country
Declared independence, formed the Constituent Council. The Council, pressed by Lord Roschfallen, decided by absolute and elective monarchy as form of government, following a code of rules, such a constitution. Lord Roschfallen proclaimed Emperor of Roschfallen and appointed the members of European royalty who accepted his invitation to take the princely and royal thrones inside the country.
The beginning was difficult. The country was sparsely populated and had little to take advantage. He started to invest quickly in industry, such as the UK. With open market, has forged alliances with the United Kingdom, United States, France, and later with the Empire of Brazil. All the initial investment made profits, which were used for new investments until the economy started to develop alone without the state, which quickly turned Roschfallen d euna quiet, agrarian nation into an industrial power.
Infighting between the prince-electors, king-elector and other authorities-voters have rocked the country earlier. Everyone wanted to take power, and the ruler was forced to rule with an iron fist to ward off his enemies. At first, between 1833 and 1890, the Orleans dynasty ruled as a nation. They tried to make a confederation according to the Quebec or attach it, and tried to definitely take control of the nation, but were stopped when the Imperial Diet has gained enough strength to remove the dynasty of the throne.
War and Annexation
After the economic boom of the 1850s decade, it became necessary for continued economic growth to maintain the pace of production in industries, but for that a larger territory would be necessary. Then the Emperor Louis I, of the House of Orleans, pressured by large industrial and supported by the majority of the electorate, after failing in an attempt to confederation with Quebec, invade and conquer the sparsely populated areas of Denmark: Greenland and Iceland. In 1866 occurried the declaration of war in Denmark and the invasion of the west coast of Greenland.
After the conquest of Nuuk, the capital of Greenland, without much resistance, the Roschfallen forces rushed to attack Iceland. But this was not so helpless. After a long battle, Denmark managed to maintain control over the island and recover part of Greenland. As part of a plan to demoralize Roschfallen also invaded his territory contrinental in Principality of Nunavut, governed by House of Hanover. The Imperial Government, demoralized, planned to contain the Danish advance, but without advancing, recovering forces. In 1867, they launched their attack expelling the Danes weakened its territory and yet again took to the icy lands of the Danish colony.
Again, they left for Iceland. With its new battleships ships of British, American and Brazilian manufacturing, Roschfallen can quickly neutralize the Danish navy. Denmark increasingly weakened since its separation from Norway in 1814, was cornered. There remained only the invaders exterminate the enemy fighters. In 1868, the Danish general Heins Kalaallisut declared his surrender with his troops in the Icelandic capital, Reykjavík. The terms of surrender should be sanctioned by His Majesty the King of Denmark previously. On those terms, they were recognized possessions of Greenland and Iceland to Roschfallenian Empire.
After the war, the Emperor issued Roschfallen financial aid and credentials for Danes continue working and building factories in their old possessions, whose profits would be divided and the lower part would go to Denmark. Greenland and Iceland were transformed into constituent kingdoms of the Imperial State, respectively under the house of Poniatowski and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.
Comtemporary Era
Roschfallen lives since the Second World War, a climate of inner peace. Wagner de León became Great Counselor in 1966 and assumed a conciliatory stance on political opposition, which allowed him to keep the reins of the Empire in the hands of Emperor Septimus II. In the context of the Cold War, the conciliatory policy of León served to prevent communism from taking advantage and eventually give a blow and transform Roschfallen a dictatorial communist republic. The economy and the industrial and tourism sectors have grown considerably, but the great achievement were the advances in social sector. With the election of Emperor Jean Henri in 1984, the anti-communist campaign intensified until it was practically eradicated along with the demise of the Soviet Union in the mid 1990s.
During the 90s, the economy Roschfallen began to stop due to stagnation of the domestic industry. The Emperor Jean Henri, along with his finance minister, worked on creating a plan to launch again Roschfallen in the global market from its currency, the Cruzer. In 1994, the so-called Golden Plan was successful, and the economy is growing again strongly.
With everything going well in the nation and the bigger and stronger economy, the government started to invest in new areas, especially technology. Facing diplomatic crises and threats from nearby nations, the government of Roschfallen, then headed by Emperor Marcus I, started to invest in military technological innovations. Based on studies and tests on space missions as a launching rockets and satellites, the government has initiated the creation of a "military force of the 23rd century," a space fleet. The government also initiated the construction of huge bombs.
But despite the heavy military investment and a strict policy, Roschfallen is considered one of the most prosperous nations in the world, investing both in their education and industry, and in its militarism. The ecological efforts Roschfallen allowed the country to become one of the most popular tourist destinations, combining the beauty of nature with the development of their cities. The counselor and minister Phillip Thomas Riddle, only 26 years, is proud to have been responsible for transforming Roschfallen of a military nation into a continental school. Your policy together with Emperor Marcus I and the Great Counselor Antônio Cipriano Chermont allowed the country to become a superpower, competing with the west-european countries and the USA, role the play in the Liberal League and ascend as key figure on the world political scene.
Recently, facing new diplomatic crisis with neighboring nation of Bigtopia, Emperor Marcus I declared a state of formal war. However, Bigtopia agents, treacherously murdered His Majesty on September 1 of 2015. The nation has decreed national mourning a week and the next day the Electorate united to elect a new Emperor. After long debates, the majority of the electorate decided to elect the young Prince Ferdinand von Habsburg, Prince of Avalon, at 19 years old, as the new Emperor. The electorate wanted, therefore, control the young monarch, as it did not reach a consensus due to conflicts of interest. Unfortunately for the electorate, the new Emperor was young and inexperienced, but it was nothing silly. Ferdinand I was crowned and began to rule with his absolute power, listening to advice, but ignoring the prevailing will and esgoísta of the prince-electors.
Geography
At 825,615 km2 (318,772 sq mi),[26] Roschfallen is the world's thirty-fourth largest country (after Venezuela). It lies mostly between latitudes 17° and 29°S (a small area is north of 17°), and longitudes 11° and 26°E.
Being situated between the Namib and the Kalahari deserts, Namibia is the country with the least rainfall in sub-Saharan Africa.
The Roschfalleanischen landscape consists generally of five geographical areas, each with characteristic abiotic conditions and vegetation with some variation within and overlap between them: the Central Plateau, the Namib Desert, the Great Escarpment, the Bushveld, and the Kalahari Desert.
The Central Plateau runs from north to south, bordered by the Skeleton Coast to the northwest, the Namib Desert and its coastal plains to the southwest, the Orange River to the south, and the Kalahari Desert to the east. The Central Plateau is home to the highest point in Roschfallen at Königstein elevation 2,606 metres (8,550 ft).
The Namib Desert is a broad expanse of hyper-arid gravel plains and dunes that stretches along Namibia's entire coastline. It varies between 100 to many hundreds of kilometres in width. Areas within the Namib include the Skeleton Coast and the Kaokoveld in the north and the extensive Namib Sand Sea along the central coast.
The Great Escarpment swiftly rises to over 2,000 metres (6,562 ft). Average temperatures and temperature ranges increase further inland from the cold Atlantic waters, while the lingering coastal fogs slowly diminish. Although the area is rocky with poorly developed soils, it is significantly more productive than the Namib Desert. As summer winds are forced over the Escarpment, moisture is extracted as precipitation.
The Bushveld is found in north eastern Roschfallen along the Schneeblutigian border and in the Caprivi Strip. The area receives a significantly greater amount of precipitation than the rest of the country, averaging around 400 mm (15.7 in) per year. The area is generally flat and the soils sandy, limiting their ability to retain water.
The Kalahari Desert, an arid region shared with South Africa and Botswana, is one of Roschfallen's well-known geographical features. The Kalahari, while popularly known as a desert, has a variety of localised environments, including some verdant and technically non-desert areas. One of these, known as the Succulent Karoo, is home to over 5,000 species of plants, nearly half of them endemic; Approximately 10 percent of the world's succulents are found in the Karoo. The reason behind this high productivity and endemism may be the relatively stable nature of precipitation.
Roschfallen's Coastal Desert is one of the oldest deserts in the world. Its sand dunes, created by the strong onshore winds, are the highest in the world. Because of the location of the shoreline – at the point where the Atlantic's cold water reaches Africa – there is often extremely dense fog. Near the coast there are areas where the dunes are vegetated with hammocks. Roschfallen has rich coastal and marine resources that remain largely unexplored.
Climate
Roschfallen extends from 17°S to 25°S: climatically the range of the sub-Tropical High Pressure Belt, arid is the overall climate description descending from the Sub-Humid (mean rain above 500 mm) through Semi-Arid between 300 and 500 mm (embracing most of the waterless Kalahari) and Arid from 150 to 300 mm (these three regions are inland from the western escarpment) to the Hyper-Arid coastal plain with less than a 100 mm mean. Temperature maxima are limited by the overall elevation of the entire region: only in the far south, Warmbad for instance, are mid-40 °C maxima recorded.
Typically the sub-Tropical High Pressure Belt, with frequent clear skies, provides more than 300 days of sunshine per year. It is situated at the southern edge of the tropics; the Tropic of Capricorn cuts the country about in half. The winter (June – August) is generally dry, both rainy seasons occur in summer, the small rainy season between September and November, the big one between February and April. Humidity is low, and average rainfall varies from almost zero in the coastal desert to more than 600 mm in the Caprivi Strip. Rainfall is however highly variable, and droughts are common. The last bad rainy season with rainfall far below the annual average occurred in summer 2006/07.
Weather and climate in the coastal area are dominated by the cold, north-flowing Benguela current of the Atlantic Ocean which accounts for very low precipitation (50 mm per year or less), frequent dense fog, and overall lower temperatures than in the rest of the country. In Winter, occasionally a condition known as Bergwind (German: Mountain breeze) or Oosweer (Afrikaans: East weather) occurs, a hot dry wind blowing from the inland to the coast. As the area behind the coast is a desert, these winds can develop into sand storms with sand deposits in the Atlantic Ocean visible on satellite images.
The Central Plateau and Kalahari areas have wide diurnal temperature ranges of up to 30 °C.
Efundja, the annual flooding of the northern parts of the country, often causes not only damage to infrastructure but loss of life. The rains that cause these floods originate in Schneeblutig, flow into Roschfallen's Cuvelai basin, and fill the Oshanas (Oshiwambo: flood plains) there. The worst floods so far occurred in March 2011 and displaced 21,000 people.
Biodiversity and enviroment
Roschfallen's territory compreende different ecosystems, such as desert scrub, rainforests and pines forest. The natural ecosystem of the area is desert, however, since the nineteenth century, German immigrants has brought and planted thousands of pines, giving origin to immense forests that thrived in some parts of the country due to cold drafts brought by the Atlantic Ocean. The rich wildlife of Roschfallen reflects the government's concern for its environment and the variety of habitats that are made with European immigration during the time that was Roschfallen German colony.
Roschfallen is one of few countries in the world to specifically address conservation and protection of natural resources in its constitution. Article 95 states, "The State shall actively promote and maintain the welfare of the people by adopting international policies aimed at the following: maintenance of ecosystems, essential ecological processes, and biological diversity of Roschfallen, and utilisation of living natural resources on a sustainable basis for the benefit of all Roschfalleanischens, both present and future."
Large mammals include carnivores such as argent lions, hyenas and wolves native of Europe, and native herbivores such as elephants, zebras, deer and giraffes. The new habitats created by Europeans keep away from the native ecosystem, and the government takes care to remain so, so that there is a proliferation of natural species in Europe on African soil, which could unbalance and eventually extinguish local ecosystems.
The natural heritage of Roschfallen is very little threatened thanks to strict national laws kept by the authorities. Mining, oil and gas extraction, agriculture, fisheries and logging in the country are kept on absolute supervision of the competent authorities to ensure compliance with the law. Severe punishments are applied to those who violate.
Government and Politics
The form of government is that of a absolute monarchy, with a semi-parlamentarist system. The King is both head of state and head of government of the nation and his position is hereditary. The current King is Friedrich II, who was enthorned on 24 June 2011. The King appoints the Ministers of State, who assist in government. Legislative houses are inexisten, althrought exist an auxiliar council. Judiciary authorities exercise jurisdictional duties almost exclusively. Roschfallen is a autocracy, according to the Democracy Index 2010.
The Roschfalleanischen Unity is the "indissoluble union" of the provinces, autonomous regions and the cities. The royal government, the provinces and the cities, are the "spheres of government". The unity is set on five fundamental principles: submission, citizenship, dignity of human beings, the social values of labor and freedom of enterprise, and political control. The branches of government (executive, legislative and judicial under a checks and balances system) are formally established by the Constitution, mostly centralized into the King. The executive and legislative are organized independently in all three spheres of government, while the judiciary is organized only at the national unitary sphere.
Royal State Council, seat of the auxiliar legislative branch.
All members of the auxiliar legislative branch are directly appointed by the King. Judges and other judicial officials are appointed after passing entry exams. For most of its tiranical history, Roschfallen has no elections.
Law
Roschfalleanischen law is based on Roman-Germanic traditions and civil law concepts prevail over common law practice. Most of Roschfalleanischen law is codified, although non-codified statutes also represent a substantial part, playing a complementary role. Court decisions set out interpretive guidelines; however, they are seldom binding on other specific cases. Doctrinal works and the works of academic jurists have strong influence in law creation and in law cases.
Supreme Royal Court of Roschfallen serves primarily as the Constitutional Court of the country. The legal system is based on the Royal Constitution, which was promulgated on 2 December 1925, and is the fundamental law of Roschfallen. All other legislation and court decisions must conform to its rules. Only autonomous regions have their own constitutions, which must not contradict the Royal Constitution. Municipalities and the Federal District have "organic laws", which act in a similar way to constitutions. Legislative entities are the main source of statutes, although in certain matters judiciary and executive bodies may enact legal norms. Jurisdiction is administered by the judiciary entities, although in rare situations the Royal Constitution allows the Royal State Council to pass on legal judgments. There are also specialized military, labor, and political courts. The highest court is the Supreme Royal Court.
Military
The armed forces of Roschfallen are the largest in Africa by active personnel and level of military equipment. It consists of the Royal Army (including the Army Aviation Command), the Royal Navy (including the Marine Corps and Naval Aviation), and the Royal Air Force.
The Army has some millions active personnel. The provinces' Military Police and the Military Firefighters Corps are described as an ancillary forces of the Army by the constitution, but are under the control of each state's governor. The Navy operates some of the most powerful warships in the world. Recent investments and plans intended to transform the military in terms of 23th century, creating an innovative space fleet. Roschfallen also has a large arsenal of nuclear weapons.
Roschfallen has not been attacked since 1944 during the World war Two. Additionally, Roschfallen has no contested territorial disputes with any of its neighbours and neither does it have rivalries, like South Africa and Angola have with each other. The Armed Forces of Roschfallen has a history of intervening in several neighboring countries to defend their own interests.
Foreign policy
Roschfallens's international relations are based on Article 4 of the Royal Constitution, which establishes intervention, self-determination, international cooperation and coordenation and the violent settlement of conflicts as the guiding principles of Roschfallen's relationship with other countries and multilateral organizations. According to the Constitution, the King has ultimate authority over foreign policy and is tasked with reviewing and considering all diplomatic nominations and international treaties, as well as legislation relating to Roschfalleanischen foreign policy.
Roschfallen's foreign policy is a by-product of the country's unique position as a regional power in Africa, a leader among developed countries, and an world power.Roschfalleanischen foreign policy has generally been based on the principles of multilateralism, violent dispute settlement, and intervention in the affairs of other countries.
Law enforcement and crime
In Roschfallen, the Constitution establishes five different police agencies for law enforcement: Royal Agency of Investigation, Police Royal Guard, Royal Highway and Railway Police, Court's Police Division and Municipal Guard. Of these, the first three are affiliated to the unitarian authorities and the last two subordinate to the state governments. All police forces are the responsibility of the executive branch of any of the royal or provincial powers. The National Public Security Force also can act in public disorder situations arising anywhere in the country.
The country has low levels of violent crime, gun violence and homicide. In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated the number of 1 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, one of the lowest rates of intentional homicide of the world. The number considered excellent by the WHO is about 5 homicides per 100,000 inhabitants. However, there are differences between the crime rates in the Roschfalleanischen provinces.
Roschfallen also has high levels of death sentences, life imprisonment, and all penalties except death, including forced labor, according to the penal code of the Royal Constitution.
Administrative regions
Roschfallen is a unitary state composed of 5 provinces, 2 autonomous regions, one Neutral Municipality (The capital city, Wittelsbach) and Municipalities. The provinces have their own government, appointed and submissive to the King and the Royal Government. Charge diferenes tax rates, according to the social-economic differences in each province, which are sent to the central bank of the Royal Government. The provinces have a regent and a council legislative assistant, appointed by this.
The provinces and the Neutral Municipality may be grouped into regions: Northern, Central and Southern. The Roschfalleanischen regions are merely geographical, not political or administrative divisions, and they do not have any specific form of government. Although defined by law, Roschfalleanischen regions are useful mainly for statistical purposes, and also to define the distribution of royal national funds in development projects.
The autonomous regions (Königstaad and Saxerwood) have their own governments, however, rather than just a Regent, there is a High Commissioner of the Royal Government, elected by a select group of local councilors appointed by the King. These regions have autonomy to create their own laws, with the sanction of the Regent, provided they follow the main guideline of the Kingdom, in the case under the supervision of the High Commissioner Real.Also they have their own legal jurisdictions, which are accountable to the Royal Government.
Municipalities, as the states, have their own administrations, collect their own taxes and receive a share of taxes collected by the Royal and province government. Each has a mayor and an auxiliar legislative body.
Economy
Roschfallen is the largest national economy in Africa, one of the world's largest economy by market exchange rates and in purchasing power parity (PPP), according to the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. Roschfallen has a mixed economy with abundant natural resources. The Roschfalleanischen economy has been predicted to become one of the five largest in the world in the decades to come, the GDP per capita following and growing, provided that large investments in productivity gains are made to substitute the GDP growth of the last decade that is attributable to the increase in the number of people working, free market and government funds to the private sector. Its current GDP (PPP) per capita is $25,153 in 2014 putting Roschfallen in the one of the bests position according to IMF data. Active in agricultural, mining, manufacturing and service sectors Roschfallen has a labor force of over a 400 million and unemployment of 2.2%.
The country has been expanding its presence in international financial and commodities markets, and is one of a group of eight biggest economies called the G8 countries. It has become one of the largest car market in the world. Major export products include weapons, automobiles, books, information technology, dairy, textiles, iron ore, steel, diamonds, electrical equipament.
The currency Roschfallen, the Cruzer, has the value pegged to the US Dollar. Its exchange rate is equivalent and its inflation have remained under control since the end of World War II, reaching an average of 1.5%. All sucessoda econmia of Roschfallen due to the free-market and ordoliberal economic system adopted by the government interventionism in rare cases, in order to avoid prejudice to the national market. The laws of respect for the primary surplus has been respected since independence, although the country has gone through turbulent times in the 80s.
Thanks to the stiff penalties infringed corruption in Roschfallen, the costs of this problem are minimal and diminishing. According to the Corruption Perception Index, Roschfallen is one of the least corrupt nations in its region and the least corrupt of the continent.
The higher expenses of Roschfallen economy are with education and security, followed by health, ransport, welfare and the environment. Spending on manutençãodo government are minimal. The Royal Government has invested heavily in modernizing its intitutions and apparatuses in key areas of invesimento. Total expenditures total over 20 trillion Cruzers, making it one of the governments of greater investment in their region.
Component and energy
The industry — from automobiles, steel and petrochemicals to computers, aircraft, and consumer durables— accounted for 33% of the gross domestic product. Industry is highly concentrated in metropolitan Triunphus, Wittelsbach, Lorencia, Gomorra and Namibestaad.
Roschfallen is one of the world's largest energy consumer with much of its energy coming from nuclear plants. The new oil discoveries have opened the door for a large increase in oil production. The governmental agencies responsible for the energy policy are the Ministry of Mines and Energy, the Royal Council for Energy Policy, the Royal Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels, and the Royal Agency of Electricity.
Much of the nuclear energy in the country is also intended for medical research and the manufacture of weapons of mass destruction.
Tourism
Tourism in Roschfallen is a growing sector and key to the economy of several regions of the country. The country had 6 million visitors in 2010, ranking in terms of international tourist arrivals as the first destination in Africa. Revenues from international tourists reached US$15 billion in 2010, showing a recovery from the 2008-2009 economic crisis. Historical records of 8.2 million visitors and US$33 billion in receipts were reached in 2011.
Natural areas are its most popular tourism product, a combination of ecotourism with leisure and recreation, mainly sun and beach, and adventure travel, as well as cultural tourism. Among the most popular destinations are the Death Oasis, beaches and dunes in the Namibe desert, the european pine forests, the big ecological metropolitan areas and business trips to Triunphus city.
In terms of the 2015 Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI), which is a measurement of the factors that make it attractive to develop business in the travel and tourism industry of individual countries, Roschfallen ranked in the 4th place at the world's level, first in Africa. Roschfallen main competitive advantages are its natural resources, which ranked 1st on this criteria out of all countries considered, and ranked 9th for its cultural resources, due to its many World Heritage sites. The TTCI report notes Roschfallen's main weaknesses: high prices and high taxation.
The rivers in the region of Hardap are known for their crystal clear waters. According to the World Tourism Organization (WTO), international travel to Roschfallen accelerated in 2000, particularly during 2008 and 20012. Revenues from international tourism continued to rise, from USD 8 billion in 2005 to 16 billion in 2010, despite 330 000 fewer arrivals. This favorable trend is the result of the strong devaluation of the US dollar against the Roschfalleanischen's Cruzer, which began in 2004, but which makes Roschfallen a more expensive international destination. This trend changed in 2011, when both visitors and revenues fell as a result of the Great Recession of 2008-09. By 2010, the industry had recovered, and arrivals grew above 2006 levels to 11.2 million international visitors, and receipts from these visitors reached USD 16 billion. In 2011 the historical record was reached with 8.2 million visitors and US$33 billion in receipts.
Infrastructure
Science and technology
Technological research in Roschfallen is largely carried out in public universities and research institutes, with the majority of funding for basic research coming from various government agencies. Roschfallen's most esteemed technological hubs are the Saxonic Intitute of Technology, the Royal Institute of Wittelsbach, the Air Force's Aerospace Technical Center, the Roschfalleanischen Agricultural Research Corporation and the Royal Harpy Intitute. The Roschfalleanischen Space Agency has the most advanced space program in Africa.
Uranium is enriched at the Gomorra Nuclear Fuel Factory, mostly for research. Roschfallen has a good fleet of nuclear submarines and spacecraft combat. Roschfallen is the only one country in Africa with an operational Synchrotron Laboratory, a research facility on physics, chemistry, material science and life sciences. And Roschfallen is the only african country to have a semiconductor company with its own fabrication plant, the Roschnetic.
Transport
The railway network of Roschfallen, which as of 2008 stretches 29,473 kilometres (18,314 mi) is the most extensive in Africa. It is operated by the National Society of Roschfallen Railways and high-speed trains include the Trayus, the Afrostar and GRT, which travels at 320 km/h (199 mph) in commercial use. The Afrostar, along with the Afrotunnel Shuttle, connects with the Islands through the Channel Tunnel. Rail connections exist to all other neighbouring countries in Africa, except Bigtopia. Intra-urban connections are also well developed with both underground services and tramway services complementing bus services.
A GRT Duplex, which can reach a maximum speed of 320 km/h (198.84 mph). There are approximately 1,027,183 kilometres (638,262 mi) of serviceable roadway in Roschfallen, ranking it the most extensive network of the African continent. The Triunphus region is enveloped with the most dense network of roads and highways that connect it with virtually all parts of the country. Roschfalleanischen roads also handle substantial international traffic, connecting with cities in neighbouring Schneeblutig, Alloubama, Unx and Maxtopia. There is no annual registration fee or road tax; however, usage of the mostly privately owned motorways is through tolls except in the vicinity of large provinces. The new car market is dominated by domestic brands such as Pollo (27% of cars sold in Roschfallen in 2003), Mercedes-Benz (20.1%) and Peugeot (13.5%). Over 70% of new cars sold in 2004 had diesel engines, far more than contained petrol or LPG engines.
There are 402 airports in Roschfallen. King Friedrich Airport, located in Triunphus, is the largest and busiest airport in the country, handling the vast majority of popular and commercial traffic and connecting Triunphus with virtually all major cities across the world. Royal Saxonian is the national carrier airline, although numerous private airline companies provide domestic and international travel services. There are ten major ports in Roschfallen, the largest of which is in Wittelsbach, which also is the largest bordering the South-Atlantic Ocean. 3,852 kilometres of waterways traverse Roschfallen including the Kalahari River, which connects the inner country to the Atlantic Ocean through.
Health
In Roschfallen, health care is provided by national and local governments. Payment for personal medical services is offered through a universal health insurance system that provides relative equality of access, with fees set by a government committee.
Since the 1950s, reforms and provisions have ensured a balanced health care system. Currently the population is covered by a health insurance plan provided by statute, with criteria allowing some groups to opt for a private health insurance contract. According to the World Health Organization, Roschfallen's health care system was 77% government-funded and 23% privately funded as of 2005. In 2005, Roschfallen spent 22% of its GDP on health care. Roschfallen ranked 8th in the world in life expectancy with 82 years for men and 85 years for women, and it had a very low infant mortality rate (2 per 1,000 live births).
In 2010, the principal cause of death was cardiovascular disease, at 41%, followed by malignant tumours, at 26%. According to a 2005 survey, 12% of Roschfallen adults are smokers. Obesity in Germany is virtually non-existent. A 2007 study shows Roschfallen has the highest number of ideal weight people in Africa.
