Difference between revisions of "AL-77"
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The rifle's operation during firing and reloading is identical to that of the AL-52. After ignition of the cartridge primer and propellant, rapidly expanding propellant gases are diverted into the gas cylinder above the barrel through a vent near the muzzle. The build-up of gases inside the gas cylinder drives the long-stroke piston and bolt carrier rearward and a cam guide machined into the underside of the bolt carrier along with an ejector spur on the bolt carrier rail guide, rotates the bolt approximately 35° and unlocks it from the barrel extension via a camming pin on the bolt. The moving assembly has about 5.5 mm (0.2 in) of free travel which creates a delay between the initial recoil impulse of the piston and the bolt unlocking sequence, allowing gas pressures to drop to a safe level before the seal between the chamber and the bolt is broken. Like previous Lukashenko-pattern rifles, the AL-77 does not have a gas valve; excess gases are ventilated through a series of radial ports in the gas cylinder. Since the Lukashenko operating system offers no primary extraction upon bolt rotation, the 5.45×39mm AL-77 bolt has a larger extractor claw than the 7.62×39mm AL-52 for increased extraction reliability. Other minor modifications were made to the bolt and carrier assembly. | The rifle's operation during firing and reloading is identical to that of the AL-52. After ignition of the cartridge primer and propellant, rapidly expanding propellant gases are diverted into the gas cylinder above the barrel through a vent near the muzzle. The build-up of gases inside the gas cylinder drives the long-stroke piston and bolt carrier rearward and a cam guide machined into the underside of the bolt carrier along with an ejector spur on the bolt carrier rail guide, rotates the bolt approximately 35° and unlocks it from the barrel extension via a camming pin on the bolt. The moving assembly has about 5.5 mm (0.2 in) of free travel which creates a delay between the initial recoil impulse of the piston and the bolt unlocking sequence, allowing gas pressures to drop to a safe level before the seal between the chamber and the bolt is broken. Like previous Lukashenko-pattern rifles, the AL-77 does not have a gas valve; excess gases are ventilated through a series of radial ports in the gas cylinder. Since the Lukashenko operating system offers no primary extraction upon bolt rotation, the 5.45×39mm AL-77 bolt has a larger extractor claw than the 7.62×39mm AL-52 for increased extraction reliability. Other minor modifications were made to the bolt and carrier assembly. | ||
===Barrel=== | ===Barrel=== | ||
| + | The rifle received a new barrel with a chrome-lined bore and 4 right-hand grooves at a 200 mm (1:7.87 in) rifling twist rate. The front sight base and gas block were redesigned. The gas block contains a gas channel that is installed at a 90° angle in relation to the bore axis to reduce bullet shear at the port hole. A pair of support brackets are cast into the gas block assembly and are used to attach a GYZ-88 underslung 40 mm grenade launcher. Like the AL-52, the muzzle is threaded for the installation of various muzzle devices such as the standard muzzle brake or a blank-firing adaptor, while a spring-loaded detent pin held in the front sight post prevents them from unscrewing while firing. The distinctive standard-issue muzzle brake features a large expansion chamber, two symmetrical vertical cuts at the forward end of the brake and three non symmetrical positioned vent holes to counteract {{wp|muzzle rise|muzzle rise and climb}} as well as lateral shift to the right much like the AL-52's offset muzzle brake. | ||
| + | |||
===Sights=== | ===Sights=== | ||
===New features=== | ===New features=== | ||
Revision as of 20:17, 2 December 2017
| AL-77 | |
|---|---|
 Modernized AL-77 assault rifle. | |
| Type |
Assault rifle Carbine (ALU-77M) |
| Place of origin | Laiatanese Federation |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1977 – present |
| Used by | Laiatanese Federation |
| Wars |
Vulshainian Monarchical Revolution Vulshainian Civil War War in Rygard 2014 Dverian War |
| Production history | |
| Designer | Pyotr Lukashenko |
| Designed |
AL-77: 1977 AL-77M: 1993 |
| Manufacturer | Lukashenko Defense Concern |
| Produced |
AL-77: 1976–1993 AL-77M: 1993–present |
| Number built | 325,000+ (2017 est.) |
| Variants | See Variants |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 3.4 kg (7.5 lb) |
| Length | 943 mm (37.1 in) |
| Barrel length | 415 mm (16.3 in) |
| Width | 70 mm (2.8 in) |
| Height | 195 mm (7.7 in) |
|
| |
| Cartridge | 5.45×39mm |
| Action | Gas-operated, rotating bolt |
| Rate of fire |
Cyclic: 600-650 rounds/min Practical: Automatic: 100 rounds/min Semi-auto: 40 rounds/min |
| Muzzle velocity | 880–900 m/s (2,887–2,953 ft/s) |
| Effective firing range | 300–400 m (330–440 yd) |
| Maximum firing range | 3,150 m (3,440 yd) |
| Feed system | 30-round or 45-round detachable box magazine or 60-round casket magazine |
| Sights | Adjustable iron sights, front post and rear notch on a scaled tangent |
The AL-77 (Laiatanese: Автоматическая винтовка Лукашенко 1977 года, lit. "Lukashenko's automatic rifle of 1977") is an assault rifle designed by Pyotr Lukashenko chambered in 5.45x39mm. It is a common modernized variant of the AL-52 rifle developed in the 1950s. The AL-77 was introduced into the Laiatanese Defense Forces in 1977 and quickly adopted as the main service rifle.
The rifle first saw combat with Laiatanese forces engaged with Vulshainian troops during the 1980s during the Monarchical Revolution, helping reestablish the Vulshainian monarchy after helping rebel groups overthrow the dictatorship. Today the rifle has seen an upgrade and several variants produced, all in service with the Laiatanese military.
Contents
Design details
The AL-77 was designed by the Lukashenko Defense Concern under the design supervision of Pyotr Lukashenko and is an adaptation of the 7.62×39mm AL-52 assault rifle and features several important design improvements. These improvements were primarily the result of converting the rifle to the intermediate-caliber high velocity 5.45×39mm cartridge. In fact, some early models are reported to have been converted AL-52s, re-barreled to 5.45×39mm. Compared to the preceding AL-52 the AL-77 has better effective range, firing accuracy (a main development goal) and reliability. The AL-77 and AL-52 share an approximate 50% parts commonality (interchangeable most often are pins, springs and screws).
Operating mechanism
The rifle's operation during firing and reloading is identical to that of the AL-52. After ignition of the cartridge primer and propellant, rapidly expanding propellant gases are diverted into the gas cylinder above the barrel through a vent near the muzzle. The build-up of gases inside the gas cylinder drives the long-stroke piston and bolt carrier rearward and a cam guide machined into the underside of the bolt carrier along with an ejector spur on the bolt carrier rail guide, rotates the bolt approximately 35° and unlocks it from the barrel extension via a camming pin on the bolt. The moving assembly has about 5.5 mm (0.2 in) of free travel which creates a delay between the initial recoil impulse of the piston and the bolt unlocking sequence, allowing gas pressures to drop to a safe level before the seal between the chamber and the bolt is broken. Like previous Lukashenko-pattern rifles, the AL-77 does not have a gas valve; excess gases are ventilated through a series of radial ports in the gas cylinder. Since the Lukashenko operating system offers no primary extraction upon bolt rotation, the 5.45×39mm AL-77 bolt has a larger extractor claw than the 7.62×39mm AL-52 for increased extraction reliability. Other minor modifications were made to the bolt and carrier assembly.
Barrel
The rifle received a new barrel with a chrome-lined bore and 4 right-hand grooves at a 200 mm (1:7.87 in) rifling twist rate. The front sight base and gas block were redesigned. The gas block contains a gas channel that is installed at a 90° angle in relation to the bore axis to reduce bullet shear at the port hole. A pair of support brackets are cast into the gas block assembly and are used to attach a GYZ-88 underslung 40 mm grenade launcher. Like the AL-52, the muzzle is threaded for the installation of various muzzle devices such as the standard muzzle brake or a blank-firing adaptor, while a spring-loaded detent pin held in the front sight post prevents them from unscrewing while firing. The distinctive standard-issue muzzle brake features a large expansion chamber, two symmetrical vertical cuts at the forward end of the brake and three non symmetrical positioned vent holes to counteract muzzle rise and climb as well as lateral shift to the right much like the AL-52's offset muzzle brake.
Sights
New features
Accessories
Variants
AL-77M
In 1993 the AL-77 was updated and entered full production at Lukashenko Defense Concern (OKL) factories. OKL also released a universal upgrade kit at the same time at the request of the Ministry of National Defense, allowing the rifles already in service to be upgraded to the AL-77M loadout. It is currently the main service rifle of the Laiatanese Defense Forces.
AL-77M-1
The AL-77M-1 is identical to the military version, except it is semi-automatic for the police and civilian markets.
ALU-77M
AL-78
The Ministry of National Defense requested OKL produce a carbine version of the main service rifle for tankers, artillery crews,
AL-78M
AL-99
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Laiatanese Federation |
|
|---|---|---|
| Main article: Laiatan | ||
| Important Topics: Culture ♦ Lupine ♦ Laiatanese language ♦ Mahitou ♦ Laiatanese korona ♦ Defense Forces | ||
| Government: Cabinet ♦ Federation Assembly ♦ Federal Council ♦ People's Council ♦ President ♦ Supreme Federal Court ♦ Political Parties | ||
| History: Pre-Mahigan Laiatan ♦ Kingdom of Laiatan ♦ Laiatanese Empire ♦ Laiatanese Junta ♦ Laiatanese Federation | ||
| Important Figures (Past and Present): Yuliya Surkova ♦ Zakhar Kreskov ♦ Aleksey Zukov ♦ Yuri IV ♦ Katerina I ♦ Nika Alkaev ♦ Yura Lainov | ||
